Solving Chinas Air Pollution Essay - 1942 Words

Solving Air Pollution In China I. Introduction Air pollution in China is a world issue that is mainly caused by the Chinese government’s desire for economic development, and it is exacerbated by China’s unwillingness or inability to implement environmental laws. One type of air pollution in China is known as Particulate Matter (PM), tiny particles of solid matter frozen in a gas or liquid, measured in micrograms per cubic meter of air. One kind of PM, PM10, is less than 10 microns in diameter and it can come from coal combustion and diesel engines. Another type, PM2.5 can come from coal-fired power plants and motor vehicles. It contains soot, NO2, and SO2 and is less than 2.5 microns in diameter (Greenpeace East Asia). The negative impact†¦show more content†¦This idea can be applied to China, where one donkey represents China and the pile in front of it represents economic development. When this desire for economic development is compounded with the central governments unwillingness or inability to implement environmental laws, regulations, and policies, and pollution is aggravated. In the past 30 years, China has announced many different laws, regulations, and policies such as Environmental Protection Law, Emission Standard for Pollutants from Coal, and a Standard of Cleaner Production in Coal Industry) to reduce air pollution, however few have been implemented. China’s unwillingness to implement these policies is evident in one statement from 2007. This statement shows the central government’s belief that policies would not need to be implemented if it were not for the consumption of other countries. Chinese leaders argued that other countries play a key role in degrading the country’s environment. Many of the Chinese manufacturers that emit pollutants produce cheap products that are purchased in the United States and Europe. Also, foreign in vestment continues to increase as multinational corporations build more factories in China. In addition, China believes that global climate change is caused by the long-term past emissions of now developed countries (Kahn Yardley). Thus developed countries should find a solution that will not hinder China’s economic development (Reklev). InShow MoreRelatedChina And The Climate Change Debate995 Words   |  4 Pagescleaner technology. It is pursuing economic, environmental, and social stability, campaigned as a ‘harmonious society’, though its ability to create balance while maintain stable growth has proven limited. Sustainability is China’s biggest and most complex issue dealing with air pollution to manmade droughts. However, China does not seem to grasp the suitable meaning of sustainability, it simply means the population having sufficient nutrition. China relies on its industrial process to support its thrivingRead MoreChinese Economic Development12 19 Words   |  5 Pages Chinese Economic Development Come At A Cost -- Pollution reaches deadly extremes China began to reform its market in the early 1980s, with the shifting of a centrally planned economy to a market-based economy, China has experienced soaring economic growth and social development. In the meanwhile, the environmental degradation is getting worse. Yet, the environmental protection law enacted by the Chinese government barely have an effect. Economists and scientists have both pointed out that, if theRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between China And Australia1236 Words   |  5 Pagesperiod of time. China’s GDP is significantly larger than Australia’s, measuring 9.24 trillion $USD as of 2013, while Australia’s GDP was 1.56 trillion $USD the same year. Before the change to a socialist market, the economic policy at the time didn’t allow for the benefits of a market economy, such as increased efficiency because of competition and motivation and more innovation. Despite China’s large GDP, the GDP/Capita shows a more accurate representation of income distribution. China’s GDP/Capita inRead MoreChina s Solar Photovoltaic Energy Development1312 Words   |  6 Pages Leiding Wang Econ 3253 Ouyang Yusi Dec 04, 2014 China’s Solar Photovoltaic Energy Development With the rapid economic development, China has surpassed US and become the world’s largest economy. In the same time, China also become the largest emitter of Carbon Dioxide (Co2) which is the most important reason for world’s climate change. During the development of economy, China used Coal too much and Coal would be converted to Co2. However, Coal is one of a fossil Fuel which means it is non-renewableRead MoreEconomic Analysis On China s Economy1485 Words   |  6 PagesII. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS I. Introduction: Close to four decades ago, China’s economy was under centrally-controlled, stagnant and isolated from the global economy. Then everything changed after 1979 when the foreign trade investment and free market reform was implemented. Not long after it was implement China’s become the world s fastest growing economy and now the largest economy in the world surpassing even United States. Today, China is focusing on a more sustainable growth pattern and implementingRead MoreThe Differences Between China And The U.s. Essay2126 Words   |  9 Pagesdone before he left office was the Paris Agreement. The Paris Agreement signified the new era of the world, one in which we had to address the problems before we can actually do something. Reducing carbon emissions have been at the focal point of pollution efforts/discussions. For the agreement to go into effect, 55 countries representing 55 % of the global emissions had to formally join. In September, the U.S. and China, countries that represent 40 percent of emissions, officially joined(citation)Read MoreChina s Long Standing Battle Against Air Pollution2595 Words   |  11 PagesSmoggy sky: China’s long standing battle against air pollution Smog has been spreading rapidly in China since 2013 with an increased number of haze days, which seriously affected residents daily life. Smog as an environmental problem has become a major social concern and the government has promulgated a number of policies and governance strategies. In June 2013, the State Council carried on the ten air pollution control measures and strived to practice the code of conduct --- share breath andRead MoreArticle Review : The Particulate Matter 2.52400 Words   |  10 PagesUse Arial and 10 pt. font size) In the past decade, China has experienced severe haze pollution. According to the research data, over these years, 14 million tons of Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and 2 million tons of Black Carbon (BC) were emitted into the atmosphere annually. As is shown in Figure 1, the air condition in Beijing was so poor that the whole city was enveloped with the haze. In ambient air, particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) refers the particles that is less than or equal to 2.5 micronRead MoreTwo Possible Approaches to Addressing Externatlities Essay1593 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscusses that creators of pollution did not bear the full costs of production of the environmental and damages they have produced. Pigou studied the inadequacies that came from the difference between social and private cost actions. Pigou’s externality suggested that the variations among social and private cost actions should be fixed with taxes. The private activities cost would be adjusted to equal the social activiti es cost. For instance, if a company is polluting the air with CO ² emission, it wouldRead MoreThe World Needs Population Control Essay1050 Words   |  5 Pagesstarved to death (Xiaofei 2). China has seen a major decrease in population growth since the enactment of its one child policy (Xiaofei 1). Figure 1 shows the huge decrease in birthrate since the one child policy was introduced (Matthews 1). Figure 1 China’s one-child policy allowed the country to have more food and better public health services. Consequently, this decreased the rate of infant mortality because women and children had more access to better healthcare (Xiaofei 3). Furthermore, population

Diversion Essay for Possession of Alcohol free essay sample

How a Criminal Recacord Affects Ones Future A criminal record at any age could severely affect one’s life and future. For example one can lose their job and any opportunities that may present themselves. A criminal offense depending on how serious the charge is they may lose their right to vote for good. If the offender is a minor any opportunities for future education and scholarships are virtually out the window. I understand that what I did could determine the quality of the rest of my life. It could affect my family that I could possibly start in the future; it could destroy my reputation and the trust of my parents. Teenagers can easily fall in with the wrong crowd which is usually why they will start behaving irrationally. The peer pressure and influence of ones self-esteem issues can get one involved with things that one would not usually consider doing ever. We will write a custom essay sample on Diversion Essay for Possession of Alcohol or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As a senior in high school one may think that he or she can party, drink under the age of 21, and other substances because it is their last year before college and they can smell the freedom. What they are not aware of, like me, that no matter what time in their academic career he or she can get into serious trouble. Getting caught as a minor while applying for college, scholarships, grants, athletic commitments, or military service. Can jeopardize the bright future that they have just a few short months away. At any time a college, job, or scholarship can be revoked. I was stupid and sophomoric to think that I was immune to any of the consequences involved with illegal activities at my age. Also everything I had going for me was put in danger. If there was anything I could say to advise one of my peers that believed he or she could party and drink alcohol under the age would be that it’s not worth it. And that he or she should would be remise if they did not just wait till they were 21. Even if they made it to college, heading down this path becomes increasingly risky because they are now a legal adult and subject to more serious punishment. A criminal record should best be avoided at any cost, even if it means that you sacrifice all the supposedly â€Å"good times† that other possible offenders believe that they are having. It just not worth the risk. Your whole life is ahead of you; why not wait until you are of legal age.

Welcome to El Paso Essay Example For Students

Welcome to El Paso Essay Simply put, its an American Dream story: The Santos brothers, sons of Mexican immigrants, grow up to become attorneys, establish a successful law firm and wield power in their hometown of El Paso, Tex. They also run a drug ring, indulge a penchant for high-stakes gambling and commit murder in the most horrific ways imaginable if thats what it takes to keep their world intact. Though its synopsis sounds like the premise for a Latino version of TVs Dallas, Santos Santos, a new play by San Francisco-based playwright Octavio Solis, boasts a sophistication of language and a heightened theatricality that elevate it to a discourse on the American character. Thick Description, one of San Franciscos most literate small theatre companies, stages this three-act epic this month at Theatre Artaud in association with the Eureka Theatre Company. Outline1 Nothings the right choice  2 Seemingly schizoid  3 Were all immigrants   Nothings the right choice   We will write a custom essay on Welcome to El Paso specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Solis, himself the son of Mexican immigrants to El Paso, most recently directed his own play Prospect at Luis Valdezs El Teatro Campesino in San Juan Bautista, and is also the author of Man of the Flesh, a revisionist Chicano Don Juan story commissioned by Californias South Coast Repertory Theatre. In Prospect, the protagonist buys the trappings of American identity wholesale: He changes his name from Mario to Scout, establishes a credit line, gets a computer job. In Santos, Solis raises the stakes, pushing the theme of clashing loyalties a step further with the character Tomas, the brother who returns to El Paso to find himself automatically and inextricably involved in his siblings exploits. The Santos brothers have got it all, Solis says of his characters. That its accomplished by illicit means is beside the point, but to Tomas that is the point. Hed like to see the American justice system coalesce with Mexican tribal law, but both systems are corrupt. In a way, its a play about being American, about the choices an immigrant has to make, Thick Description dramaturg Karen Armano concurs. The Santos brothers are faced with betraying their family, themselves, breaking the law. The play isnt didactic, and thats whats so amazing and so scary the characters are forced to choose, but nothings the right choice. Urban Tex-Mex Spanglish alternates with bursts of poetry in this 13-character drama, which Solis originally started writing on commission from the Eureka. Before he could finish the play, however, financial constraints caused the company to cease most of its operations. Although the remaining entity continued to support the development of the play with readings, Eureka no longer has the resources to produce, and has allowed Thick Description to take a stab at its debut run. Its a big play, and it deserves to be, Thick D director Tony Kelly says. It manages to do something important by just following this wildly twisting plot. Seemingly schizoid   After moving west from New York, where members performed in galleries with sets small enough to fit in a cab, Thick D has spent four years in San Francisco building a reputation for close attention to design and text in its small studio productions. The company has developed a seemingly schizoid aesthetic of revivifying classicsShakespeares tragedy Timon of Athens, Greek dramas like Electra and Orestesand premiering works by such experimental writers as Han Ong, Peter Mattei and David Greenspan. The connection between the old and new lies in Thick Ds commitment to new American theatre claiming traditional Western works for a diverse and changing society, and helping midwife new plays that strive to reflect modernity with accuracy. Performing in the prestigious 282-seat Theatre Artaud marks something of a coming-up for Thick D. Both the pace and script leave plenty of room for the company to employ its trademark inventiveness: in last seasons Orestes, the hero sang Bob Dylans Wanted Man, and the chorus was represented by a flock of pesky reporters with notebooks and tape recorders; in the new play, the memory/ghost of the Santos familys deceased patriarch, Don Miguel, is likely to appear entirely on video. .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12 , .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12 .postImageUrl , .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12 , .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12:hover , .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12:visited , .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12:active { border:0!important; } .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12:active , .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12 .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3690df78eb74fc4d046ed02527bd8a12:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The passions of Derek Walcott Essay Were all immigrants   Santos is the first play Thick D has tackled that specifically address issues of race, though its a topic thats never too far from the companys mind. Whatever play we do, we want to do an American production of it, and that means casting multi-racially, Armano says. Its horrifying to go into a theatre and see a play that is supposed to be about universal things, and its all white people on stage. What that theatre is really saying is that its a white world. Solis, who is currently working on four commissions from South Coast Rep, says that in the past his depictions of Latinos have roused controversy within that community. Man of the Fleshs Don Juan theme angers a lot of Latino men, and lot of women in general, he says, But when you see Richard III, no one says, God, youre putting English people in a bad light. By writing about Latinos, Ive lost some access to the American mainstream. But Ive gained something too, by being more specific. Were all immigrants even those of us who were born here, he adds, casting about for a more expressive word and settling on the Spanish for pilgrims. Were all peregrinos.

Pros And Cons Of Living In The City essays

Pros And Cons Of Living In The City essays I stress the word "city" rather than small town, farm, or cabin in the woods because, in most cases your life can be far simpler in a city. A city's density leads to efficiencies in meeting your needs. Cities serve as a site for the exchange of labor, money, entertainment, culture, and are transit hubs. You can live in a city with less stuff than in the country, and your life can be richer through easy access to other people and culture. The city offers a safe, affordable metropolitan environment with a cosmopolitan atmosphere supporting a range of cultural events, services, educational institutions, and business opportunities. The transit systems give us access to an excellent public bus system with good transit connections, you could place yourself right in the middle of what you want, also almost all city have an airport, and long-distance passenger rail service so that you don't have to own a car. Most big cities offer a plethora of museums, musical events, festivals and educational opportunities to bolster your knowledge and experiences. Take classes or attend plays with your friends. Also when you grow older, your health will have to take more precedence in your decision-making. Cities have better access to hospitals and more home care opportunities If you've lived in the city your whole life, you might be ready for something different. The tribulations of city life could incite anyone to move to the country. Maybe you would like to have more space in your retirement. You'll have more difficulty finding a house with a yard in the city. Also, noise levels are pretty high. If you're looking for relaxation, it might be hard to find. You might have problems, as an older person, getting around in a city. Parking and traffic are both issues. Many buildings aren't fully accessible to the handicapped. Other fact is the small town may have cleaner air and water. Also the cities have higher crime rates than rural communitie ...

Hezbollah and its history Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Hezbollah and its history - Term Paper Example 2%2'2''y2222''22222222222222 22222222''22222222''4222V2i2s2u2a2l2 2T2o2u2r2 2 2B2u2s2i2n2e2s2s2 2L2a2w222'''222222222 22 22222222''22222222''D2223022'''222D222222 22 222222222''2222222222222 22222222''222222222''!2221. 22'''222"222222222"222222"222'''222!222222 22 22222222''222 22222''' 22h2t2t2p2:2/2/2w2w2w2.2b2u2s2i2n2e2s2s2.2g2o2v2/2g2u2i2d2e2s2/2b2u2s2i2n2e2s2s2-2l2a2w2/2 2 2P2a2r2t2 2o2f2 2t2h2e2 2P2r2e2s2i2d2e2n2t2 s2 2e2-2g2o2v2e2r2n2m2e2n2t2 2i2n2i2t2i2a2t2i2v2e2,2 2t2h2e2 2s2i2t2e2 2o2f2f2e2r2s2 2h2e2l2p2 2a2n2d2 2g2u2i2d2a2n2c2e2 2o2n2 2v2a2r2i2o2u2s2 2t2o2p2i2c2s2 2l2i2k2e2 2i2n2c2o2r2p2o2r2a2t2i2o2n2,2 2t2y2p2e2s2 2o2f2 2b2u2s2i2n2e2s2s2,2 2l2i2c2e2n2s2i2n22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222... 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222'2''%22 2'(222'22'22'22'22222 22222222222 222222 '2 '22222 222 222'2'''22222''22222222''X222h2t2t2p2:2/2/2w2w2w2.2b2u2s2i2n2e2s2s2.2g2o2v2/2g2u2i2d2e2s2/2b2u2s2i2n2e2s2s2-2l2a2w2/22''X222h2t2t2p2:2/2/2w2w2w2.2b2u2s2i2n2e2s2s2.2g2o2v2/2g2u2i2d2e2s2/2b2u2s2i2n2e2s2s2- ''22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222o2p2i2c2s2 2l2i2k2e2 2i2n2c2o2r2p2o2r2a2t2i2o2n2,2 2t2y2p2e2s2

Legacy Fighter Aircraft Upgrades and New Stealth Fighters Research Paper

Legacy Fighter Aircraft Upgrades and New Stealth Fighters - Research Paper Example 563; Collier & Ankle, 2002, p. 13). While terror seemed to be seeped within regional efforts supported by allied forces to weaken the perceived enemies, however, there is perceived military imbalance in strategic geographic region where US military’s power seemed bit nil, if not weak, but is nonetheless complemented with diplomatic relations, such as those security threat cases posed by China and of North Korea in Asia. The odds of denuclearization efforts and hazy economic-political climate within the region as well as the sustaining movements in the Arab countries remained both a threat and opportunity for the US forces to rethink about the need to upgrade the capacities for warfare (Collier & Hoeffler, 2006, p. 89; Deger & Sen, 1983, p. 67; Harbom & Wallensteen, 2007, p. 623; Reynal-Querol, 2005, pp. 445) In the last decade, US forces have been focused in combating terror groups in Iraq, Libya, Afghanistan, and in working with reformists’ organization within the Arab region with hope to change the system and make it more liberal in its trading relation. However, amid these challenging turn of events, there are also intrinsic realities posed by Pentagon about the need of the military aviation forces to scale up its defence or operational system, such as upgrading of its its USAF fighter platforms from F-22 to new F-35s, as well as by upgrading the aerodynamics or aircraft systems. In this project, the researcher will determine the (a) prices of the F-35s and the cost of upgrading its aerodynamic systems, (b) the capacity of the US government and military agency to allocate budget for these projects, and (c) the consideration of the legislators on the fiscal requirements for this upgrade. Data Collection This is a qualitative research that will investigate the requirement in upgrading the military aviation forces of US and to hopefully embark comparative details of these matters with consideration of the current deliberation of the needs and cost analysis of the upgrade. Qualitative study will rely in primary and secondary sources that can be lifted from interviews, reports, publications, magazines and online information. The study will help elucidate the prospect and consequence of plan to upgrade the military aviation system. Data gathered will be reviewed, collated and evaluated to arrive at a reasonable conclusion that may (or may not) aid the decision-making of the legislations and authorities in Pentagon. The researchers evaluate the information based on historical records, plans of the DoD, and budget schedules as well as its estimates (GAO, 2012). Test reports were also considered including the risk information of the new capabilities (GAO, 2012). Data Analysis Last month, July of 2013, the Department of Defence of the United Sates announced of forging an agreement to purchase 71 F-35 fighter jets from Lockheed Martin at a lower cost of 4% less than the original prices for stealth and radar evading fighter jets but discounts will only be for 36 units and another 8% less for the remaining 35 units (Drew, 2013). Reports mentioned that the cost, including the ancillary facilities, are pegged at $7 billion per unit thus, state authorities require the reduction of the cost while other cost analysts outside the government batted that the cost would be rising still. The high costs and the anent problems associated in the acquisition have also discouraged other Pentagon officials and thought of scrapping

Technology Development Essay Example for Free

Technology Development Essay The causal link between development and historical time is often contested, although there is persuasive evidence of this link. Therefore, this essay will have the following structure: first of all, theoretical justification of the claim that historical time is connected with development will be given; secondly, several case studies will be analyzed; and finally, the counterarguments will be discussed and refuted. Starting with the theoretical explication of the link between historical time and development, it is necessary to admit that power in international relations has been defined differently in different historical eras. For example, once military capabilities were the only measure of a state’s power; nowadays, a variety of economic, social, and cultural indicators contribute to a country’s position on the international arena. Power, in turn, is associated with development, being its cause and consequence at the same time: only developed countries can attain power, which later accelerates their economic development through providing access to resources and capabilities of other countries. As concerns case studies that prove this point, American involvement in World War I and World War II will be analyzed. These wars have had a significant impact on the economic conditions of the United States, although they were not started or incited by America, therefore can be regarded as external historical influences. Different war involvements have had different influence on the U. S. economy. The legacy of the World War I is associated with the Great Depression; on the contrary, US entry in the World War II boosted economic growth. The World War I was not the main reason for the Great Depression, but almost all causes of this economic disaster are directly or indirectly connected with the war. For instance, if we speak about agricultural sector, during the war the government was subsidizing farms and paid absurdly high prices for wheat and other grains, but when the World War I was over, the federal government abruptly stopped their policies to protect farmers. As the result, agriculture suffered from such an unbalanced approach. Moreover, foreign trade suffered significantly. The Fordney-McCumber Act of 1922, Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930 and a number of other lawsuits increased import tariffs without any economically sound reason. The result of the abovementioned tariff changes was that European businesses, devastated by the war, could not sell their products on the U. S. market in necessary quantities. It is possible to perceive the American entry into the World War II as an event that has actually ended the Great Depression in this country. Due to large numbers of citizens enlisted in the army, unemployment rates fell to record low levels during the war. Soldiers received decent salaries and were eagerly spending their money after the return from the battlefield. Strengthened consumer spending fueled growth and was a sign of restored consumer confidence. Large sums of defense spending pulled the U. S. economy out of the Depression for the ample reason that such fields as defense and security are very labor-intensive and created thousands of jobs to further decrease unemployment. The necessity to manufacture war supplies had given rise to a powerful military-industrial complex. While wars have had varying overall effects on the U. S. economy, they definitely fueled the development of the military-industrial complex. Wartime production of the military-industrial complex has been soaring throughout the American history. The military-industrial complex came to play a significant role in the overall structure of the economy. It is quite self-evident that the complex’s raison d’etre is the production of arms and equipment for subsequent use in military operations. Thus, military operations following the World War II have only strengthened the America’s leading position on the international arena, which in turn provided for beneficial trade agreements, migration of skilled labor to the U. S. , and a voice in international institutions. All the aforementioned factors are directly linked to economic development. Coming back to the link between the World War II and economic development, several other factors have to be mentioned. War machine demanded scientific innovations, so the war stimulated many important fields (Ruttan, 2006). The Marshall Plan was introduced after the war and helped to secure markets for numerous American products by providing financial help to devastated European countries. International monetary arrangements were reconsidered. Due to the spurt of economic growth and economic devastation of Europe, America became the world’s superpower. War is not necessarily an economic stimulus to the victor, but there was no destruction on American soil, so the U. S. was prosperous in the post-war era. The U. S. got involved in the World War II only at the closing stages of the conflict, when the victory over fascism was secured by its European allies. The U. S. entry in the World War II boosted the growth of the military-industrial complex, and that was one of the major reasons behind the decision to engage in it. This is an example of how a state can take advantage of historical circumstances to boosts its development. There are several strands of counterargument to the statement that development is connected with historical time. The most important strand argues that the development is associated solely with the country’s internal resources and capabilities: for example, natural resources are of greater importance for development than global historical conditions. However, there are examples that disprove this theory. For instance, Japan has very limited range of available natural resources, and their dependency on foreign energy sources is almost total. However, due to historic factors such as defeat in the World War II and Japan’s occupation by the Allied Powers, Japan adopted Western principles of state-building and social organization. Despite lack of natural resources, rapid westernization and modernization following the World War II allowed Japan to develop the most cutting-edge high-tech industry and become the second largest economy in the world. Therefore, the claim that internal resources are more important than historical time with regard to development does not hold. While the claim might have had some credibility in the past, when all important processes were confined to the borders of nation state, globalization changes the nature of those processes by reshaping all fields of human activity ranging from manufacture to governance. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that there is a strong link between development of a given state and global historical conditions. References Ruttan, V. W. (2006). Is War Necessary for Economic Growth? Military Procurement and Technology Development. New York: Oxford University Press.