Foundations of Human Development Worksheet Essay

Write the key features, listed below, into the correct life stage of development and most significantly affected age range. In your own words, provide an explanation of the term and how it affects the developmental stage. An example is provided for reference. For the purposes of this assignment, field marked N/A do not need to be completed. Teratogens Attachment ADHD Temperament Preoperational Thought PeriodIn-Vitro Fertilization ConservationSelf-Concept Refined motor skillsZygote Positive Reinforcement Sensorimotor Period Mobility Biological DevelopmentPsychological or Cognitive DevelopmentSocial DevelopmentConception and Pre-birthExample Teratogens are substances, including drugs, that cause malformations in the fetus (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010, p.54). For example, the text states that teratogens are Certain drugs affect biological development by causing malformations of body parts and organs. Newborn children of drug addicts, for example, experience a number of potential developm ental problems such as low birth weight, muscle tremors, and physical birth defects (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010, p.54). A zygote is a single cell formed by the combination of the genetic material in a womans egg and sperm. In-Vitro Fertilization is a process in which eggs are removed from a womans body, fertilized with sperm in a laboratory dish, and then implanted in the womans uterus (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010, p.90). N/A N/AInfancy The central theme of attachment theory is that primary caregivers who are available and responsive to an infants needs allow the child to develop a sense of security. Bowlby believed that the earliest bonds formed by children with their caregivers have a tremendous impact that continues throughout life. He suggested attachment also serves to keep the infant close to the mother, thus improving the childs chances of survival.Temperament is each individuals distinguishing mental and emotional nature that results in a characteristic pattern of responses to people and situations (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010, p.125). There are three broad categories of infant temperament that are often used as guidelines for determining normal infant behavior. The three categories of infant temperament are easy, slow-to-warm-up, and difficult. N/AChildhood ADHD, a psychiatric diagnosis, is a syndrome of learning and behavioral problems beginning in childhood (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010, p.146). Children often fail to give close attention to details and make  careless mistakes in their schoolwork or in other activities. Also, they have difficulties organizing their tasks and activities. They are easily distracted by extraneous stimuli and they tend to be forgetful in their daily activities Piagets second stage of cognitive development, the preoperational thought period, extends from approximately ages 2 to 7 (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010, p.116). Increased use of verbal representation but speech is egocentric. The beginnings of symbolic rather than simple motor play. Can think about something without the object be ing present by use of language. Conservation is the idea that a substance can be changed in one way while remaining the same in another (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010, p.115). This means that the child understands that although the appearance of something changes, the thing itself does not. Fine motor skills are necessary to engage in smaller, more precise movements, normally using the hands and fingers. Fine motor skills are different than gross motor skills, which require less precision to perform. The sensorimotor period identifies a child as they progress from simple thoughtless reflex reactions to a basic understanding of the environment (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010, p.116). Behaviors are limited to simple motor responses caused by sensory stimuli. Children utilize skills and abilities they were born with (such as looking, sucking, grasping, and listening) to learn more about the environment. Baumeister provides the following self-concept definition the individuals belief about himself or herself, including the persons attributes and who and what the self is (Baumeister, 1999). The self-concept is how we think about and evaluate ourselves. To be aware of oneself is to have a concept of oneself.Positive reinforcement refers to positive events or consequences that follow a behavior and strengthen it (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010, p.169). Successful positive reinforcement results in a behavior occurring more frequently in the future. It can make learning fun, increase participation and cooperation, and help children learn valuable skills. Because of their mobility, children need constant supervision. Their interest in exploration, falling down, and getting into dangerous situations are all constant possibilities (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010, p.67). Baumeister provides the following self-concept definition the individuals belief about himself or herself, including the persons attributes and who and what the self is (Baumeister, 1999). Its psychological development due  to self-evaluation, but its also social development due to the benchmark we judge others by. References Baumeister, R. F. (Ed.) (1999). The Self in Social Psychology. Philadelphia, PA Psychology Press (Taylor Francis). Zastrow, C. H., Kirst-Ashman, K. K. (2010). Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment (8th ed.). Mason, OH Cengage Learning Foundations of Human Development Worksheet

Evluation of narrative work of art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evluation of narrative work of art - Essay Example "Once upon a time" is viewed by some as a warning; as though this preamble was set up as the pre-cursor to today's "Rated PG-13" (Liquori). The release of the semi-biographical film, "The Brothers Grimm," helped to bring the traditional fairy tales of the Grimm Brothers into the 21st Century while offering a dramatic glimpse into their lives (Fisher). The film, a fantasy-based description of the lives of the Grimm Brothers, ties several elements found throughout their most famous tales. The film offers the audience a unique perspective into the personalities and demeanor of the Grimm Brothers. Their themes, prevalent throughout their tales, were emphasized by their use of mystery, intrigue, and violence. The film begins towards the end of the 18th Century in a small house (Times), presumably the house that Will and Jacob Grimm grew up in. In the film, the sister is dying, and Jacob has been sent to sell the family's cow to pay for a doctor to help her. Instead, he returns with a handful of beans and a story that they were magical. "Will is furious with Jake, and it is implied that their sister died as a result of his mistake" (Times 1). Of course, in one of the brothers' most famous tales, "Jack and the Beanstalk," a young boy sold the family cow to obtain the money they needed (Stauffacher); when the beans were thrown from the window, a giant beanstalk grew leading Jack on a magical adventure. Throughout the film, the death of their sister proves to have a profound effect on the lives of both Wilhelm and Jacob Grimm. In reality, the boys' father died when they were both very young (Baxter, Lindquist and Mauck, Grimm Brothers: Biography). This traumatic event thrust the Grimm family into poverty; and the Grimm brothers resigned themselves to follow in their father's footsteps: attending college and acquiring degrees in law and eventually becoming renowned professors (Baxter, Lindquist and Mauck, Grimm Brothers: Biography). The film also portrayed these two boys as scholars, and made several references to their high intelligence (Damon and Ledger). Additionally, the film portrayed the Grimm brothers as travelers. Although, during their real lives, the brothers traveled both together and individually to collect stories (Cooper) whereas in the film they were portrayed as traveling con artists (Damon and Ledger). As con artists, rather than collecting fairy tales from storytellers, they would create the stories by vanquishing fake ghosts, ghouls, and witches, until they were inadvertently caught up in a conglomerate of some of today's most recognizable stories: complete with the "Big Bad Wolf," the evil queen hidden away in a tower, and enchanted forest, and even a pile of several dozen mattresses. Terry Gilliam, the film's director, was very excited to do a film in which she could rewrite some of her favorite childhood fairy tales and "make a fairy tale out of the Grimm Brothers" (Miramax 1). Some people believe that the Grimm version of these fairy tales are very dark-possibly too dark for children. Terry Gilliam, the film's director, expressed dismay that the film was rated as a "PG-13" (Damon, Science Fiction Weekly). As an avid reader of Grimms' Fairy Tales, actor Matt Damon comments on the dark nature of these stories: "maybe it was just being a child, or maybe my mother didn't read all of them, but going back and reading them, yeah, they were very dark. I

Annotated bibliography Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Annotated bibliography - Assignment Example In the United States, a juvenile delinquent (offender), for example, is described as one below age 17 who commits a crime that would otherwise be punishable if they were adults. The factors that contribute to juvenile crime (more so underage drinking and illegal purchase of drugs) are extensively mentioned in this book. These factors are broken down into six different categories. Some of the physical factors for juvenile delinquency cited include lack of sleep, sensory defects, endocrine disorders, drug addiction, nervous diseases, weather effects, physical exuberance, deformities, speech defects, malnutrition, and so on, whereas, mental factors discussed include, among others, psychoses, psychoneuroses, suggestibility, contra-suggestibility, sex habits/ experiences, lethargy/ laziness, mental conflicts, mental defects, and superior intelligence. Under home condition factors, there are unsanitary conditions, broken homes, illegitimacy stigma, bad examples, immoral parents, ill treatment at homes, poverty, unemployment, excess in material possessions and material deficiencies. Also, some of the school conditions talked up include poor grades, peer influence, inadequate recreation facilities, poor teaching and bad attitudes towards teachers, while neighborhood conditions cited include loneliness, stimulating entertainment platforms, influence of gangs, and peer influence. Occupational conditions such as truancy, monotony, idleness, occupational misfits, apprenticeship system declines, influence, and irregular occupations (Bradshaw, 2003) are also noted by the author. Jefferson discusses some of the crime theories applicable to juvenile delinquency. Some of the theories emphasized include rational choice theory, social disorganization, strain theory, differential association theory, labeling theory and social control theory. These are discussed in view of achieving better understanding of the causes of juvenile delinquency. As per the labeling theory, for

Speaker's response for Sports management class Essay

Speaker's response for Sports management class - Essay Example Although none of the academic books or journals had mentioned anything about the sports managers being the last line of defense in any given sports management team, it remains a fact that managing sports is not an easy task. In line with this, the top management team of any sports-related organization are responsible not only in the search for short-term and long-term sponsors but also communicate how sports activities can benefit the sponsors, the need to constantly increase the sports organization’s sales and profit, finding ways on how to effectively associate the sponsor’s brand to a given sports event, and eventually come up with a reasonable pay and reward schemes that could encourage the players to stay loyal with the team (Crompton a). As compared to the use of traditional ads, Levin, Joiner and Cameron strongly suggest that the process of incorporating the logos or brand name of the sponsor in sports cars or basketball jerseys increases the chances wherein the public consumers could develop a strong positive attitude and increased ability to recall the sponsor’s brand. ... As a significant part of a sports management team, it will always be the duty of the top management officials to inquire, research, and learn more about the grounds for any potential legal issues that they will have to face in the near future or give them the opportunity to legally sue anyone who would illegally take advantage of the sports management organization. For example, the term â€Å"ambushing in sport† is all about pretending or purposely creating a false impression that a corporate brand is one of the official sponsors of a team even though the brand has no legal rights to be an official sponsor (Crompton b). Crompton (b 1) mentioned that â€Å"official sponsors receive littly legal protection from ambusing†. For this reason, the sports manager(s) should take it as a challenge to create useful and effective strategies on how they can counter-act or prevent any third party or a company from violating the sports ethics particularly when it comes to ambushing. P erhaps, the sports manager should investigate on whether or not he or she can make use of the IP rights law to protect the name of the sports team from being illegally used by any party or a company who wish to gain any forms of brand recognition from the sports viewers. Not only did the speaker talked about the proper way of doing business but also the significance of legality of doing business, the importance of public trust in sports, etc. Personally, I find the advice given by the speaker to be very logical and practical when it comes to molding his audiences on how to become an effective sports manager in the future. In general, there is a saying that â€Å"what goes around, comes around†. To become a successful and effective sports manager, the speaker advice

Writing a summary of a criminal case and the descriptions of a English Essay

Writing a summary of a criminal case and the descriptions of a English Legal Profession - Essay Example The crown part is part of HMCS standing beside County Courts, Magistrates’ courts and tribunals. Crown court basically deals with criminal cases which have a serious nature. These cases are usually related to murder, rape or robbery. Some of these cases come from Magistrate court in the form of an appeal. The crown court handles cases with Judges and Jury. Jury is usually based on 12 people who are selected from the public. England and Wales have 77 crown courts in total. These courts manage their running from the public funds. These funds are granted to them by Ministry of Justice every financial year. Courts procedures also have fees attached to them. (www.hmcs.gov.uk, 2 April 2009) Clerks and Officers at Crown Court: The administrative work of preparing case files, correspondence, and referral to judges, etc is done by court administrative officers. These officers are under the supervision of executive officer, office manager, and court manager of Crown Court. The clerks of court also sit during trails, its their responsibility to administrate the court room and assist the jude with any dates required. The clerk also records the progress of a case and make sure that hearing dates are assigned. Judges: The hearing and trail part of the case involve members of Jury, Judges, and Ushers. Judges at the crown court are Recorders, High court, and Circuit judges. Recorders are normally those solicitors and barristers who practice privately and can sit as Judge in Crown or County court as Judges. Solicitors and Barristers are also part of trail and appeal process. However they are not the court’s officials. They are hired by defendants/or the applicants. In case of parties not being able to afford the legal fees, legal aid hires a solicitor or barrister for the trial. The judge role at the crown court is to make sure that all parties get a fair chance to present their case in front

Prospective on corporate strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Prospective on corporate strategy - Essay Example He argues that if these principles are not followed in entirety then a firm would be unable to maintain or enhance its strategic position. The first principle is to develop the ‘right goals’, which means the targets and objectives that are realistic and achievable in real world. For instance, the goals should be defined in a way they could create economic value for customers. This is happened when certain want-satisfying products are developed and marketed that in turn lead to consumer satisfaction / loyalty and relationship building in the long run (Porter, 1996). Profits are viewed by Porter (2001) as a secondary element of strategy because if a firm’s primary aim is profit then it would probably devise wrong policies. The second principle is ‘value proposition’ that refers to promises made by a supplier to its buyers. Indeed, the stronger the value proposition the greater the probability of enhanced strategic positioning. The third principle is â⠂¬Ëœdistinctive value chain’, which means that firms should differentiate their business functions compared to their rivals to support its distinctive value proposition (Hamel & Prahalad, 1990). The fourth principle is to ‘trade off’ certain characteristics during strategy formulation to ensure differentiation. ... Indeed, an organization with weak positioning could not survive, expand and sustain in a challenging, complex and unpredictable 21st century business environment. Task 2 It is worth mentioning that this is a globalized world (an outcome of technological advancements) where competition is intense among business firms due to relatively fewer barriers in entering in corporate arena. Nevertheless, the organizations also enjoy multiple benefits due to these technological innovations because they automate their business process and ensure their virtual presence to enhance their strategic position (inclusive of productivity and efficiency, cost reduction, market reach / share and sales volume). Apparently, it seems as if internet is a very useful tool for any firm (traditional operations) or e-business to attract a large pool of potential customers through web (dot com) presence. However, the first major criticism is that a significantly large number of dot com ventures fail and internet is not extremely beneficial for sales purposes because today it has been used by all entities (Stead et al, 2007). Indeed, every credible small and large business has created a website to facilitate and entice potential consumers towards their products (for example General Motors will not have a genuine advantage on Toyota and Chrysler because every global corporation enjoys online presence). For instance, another criticism is that the online customers are disadvantaged because they could not physically test and validate the products they order online (on web); therefore, they tend to make purchases online mostly from companies that have earned credibility and authenticity in open market and

Electronic Health Records Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Electronic Health Records - Research Paper Example As data accumulates over long periods, a database is established; which can be used in epidemiological studies. This is crucial for development of policies that affect the healthcare industry. The data generated by the electronic health records is vital in order to determine emerging trends in health care and predict possible outbreaks in the future. The data in the EHRs can also be used to monitor provision of health care to the public, by ensuring that a standardized protocol is used to deal with all similar clinical presentations. The government can also utilize the data in the EHRs system to coordinate emergency efforts and assess the situation at the basic level of healthcare facilities. This ensures government involvement and facilitates population-level healthcare management.Electronic health records increase efficiency at all levels of healthcare provision. With efficiency, wastage of resources such as equipment, ideas, and energy, is radically cut back. The use of EHRs is a crucial means of enhancing the efficiency of healthcare professionals and reduces the administrative and labor costs associated with health care delivery and financing. With increased efficiency, there is a reduced cost of running healthcare facilities since there is minimal wastage of resources. Concerning wastage of resources, manual records require human resources to run them by operating the archives and pulling out files. The use of electronic medical records cuts back on employment of excess staff required for jobs that can be easily automated.